Caring for populations Essay Example for Free

Caring for populations Essay Introduction A community health nurse must be effective in targeting the population as a whole. The nurse will determine the needs for the community by using the data compiled from a windshield survey. As stated in the text, â€Å"A population focus also involves a scientific approach to community health nursing: an assessment of the community or population is necessary and basic to planning, intervention, and evaluation for the individual, family, aggregate, and population levels† (Nies McEwen, 2011). The purpose of this paper is to establish a priority health problem of the community of Harlingen, based on demographic, epidemiological data and a windshield survey of the area. Community The community assessment for this project is Harlingen, Texas. According to the 2010 United States Census Bureau, its population is about 64,918 of which 47.8% are male and 52.2% are female. The density is approximately 1629.1 residents per square mile. The racial makeup is 1.0% Black or African American, 79.5% Hispanic or Latino, 18.0% White, 1.9% from two or more races, 1.3% Asian, 0.1% Native American. The median household income, 2008-2012 was $34,096 in Harlingen, compared to $51,563 in the state of Texas. The percentage of persons below poverty level from 2008-2012 was 33.2% in Harlingen, compared to 17.4% in Texas. The city of Harlingen is in the center of the Rio Grande Valley. It is a community which has a transient population of â€Å"Winter Texans.† These Winter Texans are generally retirees from the northern states, who come to the warmer climates to escape  the winter weather of their home states, usually between November and March. Harlingen has one mall, two medical hospitals and one mental health state facility, two libraries, one community college and numerous schools from primary to high school levels. Demographic and Epidemiological According to the website, County Health Rankings Roadmaps, for Cameron County in 2014, teen pregnancy is measured by the teen birth rate per 1,000 female population, ages 15-19. The number for Cameron county teen births is 80, the number for Texas as a state is 57. There is poor quality of life in relation to health in Cameron County. 30% of the population has poor or fair health, compared to 18% in Texas. Cameron County also has an adult obesity rate of 27%, 21% of physical inactivity while there is 69% of access to exercise opportunities. 16% of the population suffers from excessive drinking and 396 counts of sexually transmitted infections. 36% of the population is uninsured, 86% graduated high school, 10.5% are unemployed and there are a whopping 48% of children in poverty, which has increased from the 2008-2012 numbers. The top causes of mortality in Texas are diseases of the heart, followed by Cancers and Respiratory diseases. Windshield survey During the observation of Harlingen for the Windshield Survey project, overweight residents were visible. The majority of the population is Hispanics, most were slightly overweight and appear relatively healthy. There are nursing homes and assisted living facilities in the community and they are mainly Hispanic and White older adults who are a mix of thin and frail to obese and unhealthy. Women are seen pushing strollers on the jogging trails, while the young children play in the parks. There are groups of teens who play football and basketball in the same area. In the residential areas, some people can be seen outside maintaining their properties, while other properties are dilapidated. The general appearance of the residents are healthy, with some being overweight. I have seen a few multimedia billboards for the local hospital, which is displaying an ad for bariatric surgery, which is appropriate for the current overweight population. Harlingen has some city parks and Boys and Girls clubs and numerous gyms in the area that are heavily utilized. The restaurants in the  area are mainly along the expressway and lining the few main streets around town. There is no food sold along the street, but people can be seen sitting in the parks eating meals. In Harlingen, the population is overweight Hispanics and Whites who have access to healthcare and wellness measures, as it is advertised constantly. There is adequate transportation and resources available for the population. Problem As stated before, Cameron County has an adult obesity rate of 27%, 21% of physical inactivity while there is 69% of access to exercise opportunities. While the averages for the state of Texas are 29%, 24% and 74%, respectively. Cameron County also has a limited access to healthy foods, 16% and 21% food insecurity and a mere 17% of children are eligible for free lunch. Since Harlingen and Cameron County have high obesity rates compared to the rest of the state, the Healthy People 2020 objectives applicable for Harlingen include: NWS-11 (Developmental) Prevent inappropriate weight gain in youth and adults and NWS-9 Eliminate very low food security among children. (Healthy People 2020, 2014) While these are two distinct objectives they are connected, much education will be need to be done to ensure change. The community needs to be educated and held accountable for their actions, at times they are unaware of how much damage an unhealthy diet can do. The Community Health Nurse must prepare for these challenges and have a good understanding of how to present information that will gain the interest of the population. A community health nurse must be well versed in the numerous efforts that are starting to prevent childhood obesity. There are new physical education requirements, nutrition standards for beverages and foods sold in school, to community initiatives to expand bike paths and improve recreational facilities (Koplan, Liverman Kraak, 2005). â€Å"Families need to make their homes to more conducive to a healthful diet and daily physical activity (Koplan, Liverman Kraak, 2005). The nurse will need to get out to the community via health fairs, school assemblies, media outlets, etc. to get the message out there. Education on making healthy choices, getting adequate exercise and making small adjustments to their daily lives will help. According to the article, Relative and Absolute Availability of Healthier Food and Beverage Alternatives Across  Communities in the United States, there was a study that was conducted on 3 years of data from the Bridging the Gap Community Obesity Measures Project. It stated the mean healthier food and beverage ratio was 0.71, meaning that stores averaged 29% fewer healthier than less healthy products. There were less availability of healthy alternatives in Hispanic communities (2014). Summary The community health nurse needs to be an expert in assessing and diagnosing health concerns in the community to be able to set realistic goals that will maintain the health of the population. Health promotion, education and community involvement are crucial. â€Å"Nutritional education is essential and must include parents, teachers, and the child† (Nies McEwen, 2011). The community should know and understand the food pyramid, how to make healthy choices and the importance of balancing intake and exercise. References County Health Rankings Roadmaps. (n.d.). Retrieved November 20, 2014, from http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/app/texas/2014/rankings/cameron/county/outcomes/overall/snapshot Koplan, J., Liverman, C.T., Kraak, V.I., Institute of Medicine, (.(U.S.). (2005). Preventing Childhood Obesity: Health in the Balance. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. Nies, M. A., McEwen, M. (2011). Community/Public Health Nursing (5th ed.). MO: Elsevier. Nutrition and Weight Status. (n.d.). Retrieved November 20, 2014, from http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/nutrition-and-weight-status/objectives United States Census Bureau. (n.d.). Retrieved November 20, 2014, from http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/48/4832372.html Zenk,S.N., Powell, L.M., Rimkus, L., Isgor,Z., Barker,D.C., Ohri-Vachaspati,P., Chaloupka, F. (2014). Relative and Absolute Availability of Healthier Food and Beverage Alternatives Across Communities in the United States. American Journal Of Public Health , 104(11), 2170-2178. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014-302113

Study On Busbecqs Letters History Essay

Study On Busbecqs Letters History Essay I would like to analyse some Western European descriptions of the Ottoman Empire from The Turkish Letters, written by Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, who described the Ottoman Empire in a series of letters that he wrote when he served Ferdinand I of Austria as the ambassador for the Holy Roman Empire to the Ottoman Empire from 1554 to 1562. Included in this paper is my analysis on parts of three of his letters which are concerned with in particular: the Turkish Army, the Turks openness or lack thereof in borrowing from other cultures, and Christian Slaves. Busbecq presents an absorbing eyewitness account of the Ottoman Empire from the perspective of a well educated Western observer at the time of the Ottomans greatest ever ruler: Sultan Suleiman The Magnificent. In the letters Busbecq describes some of the workings and details of the Turkish Army, including interesting information on The Janissaries. In another letter he talks about the Turks openness in adapting military manoeuvres and c ombat skills of the Europeans such as that of the Greeks, and their reluctance in adopting useful things such as public clocks and printing books. In the third letter he portrays some information on the Christian slaves of the Ottoman Empire. He details impressions on everything he saw and experienced in Turkey from the army, slavery, and other matters and does so with literary talent and though quite gripping there is a strong possibility that his depiction was slightly exaggerated because he was trying to bring about reform at home. Of particular significance is his account of the Turkish Army where goes into vivid detail about the campaigns. The Sultan when he sets out on a campaign, takes as many as 40,000 camels with him, and almost as many baggage-mulesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ This is an explicit illustration of the organisation, might, and sheer size of the Sultans army. Busbecq further goes on to describe the Turks campaign into Persia, the way rations are used, and the importance of the soldiers health. He also makes note on the Sultans respect and willingness to help the soldiers whenever he could by assisting ill-fated soldiers who have come across bad luck in losing their horse or suffering from illness or injury. Suleiman the Magnificent is plausibly the most illustrious figure in Turkish history. For the Turks his status is legendary and his reign saw the greatest extension of Turkish power. His devotion to his own religion and his tolerance of other faiths, his charity and generosity, won him the loyalty of his subjects and the respect of his enemies. The Janissaries represented the well trained and adaptable soldiers for the Turkish army. They were well looked after and respected for their courage in battle, repeated victories, and experience in warfare; hence they were highly valued. They were a product of Suleimans progressive system. The Turks adopted from the Europeans many smooth military combat techniques and the use of canons to great effect in their battles, for example the shooting against the door which was formerly used by the Greeks and the Turks had adopted from them. Conversely at the same time the Turks were never able to bring themselves into accepting the use of public clocks or to print books. As Busbecq strongly puts it They hold that their scriptures, that is, their sacred books, would no longer be scriptures if they were printed; and if they established public clocks, they think that the authority of their muezzins and their ancient rights would suffer diminution. This I believe is an understandable stance considering their position and their culture. They did not want their culture to be diluted this is not to say they werent tolerant to other cultures but only to keep their own pure from western influence. The extract of the letter by Busbecq in Documents in World History on Christian slaves portrays completely bleak and miserable image for the slaves: Youths and men of advanced years were driven along in herds or else tied together with chainsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..At the sight I could scarcely restrain my tears in pity for the wretched plight of the Christian populationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. This particular document if read by someone not familiar with Busbecqs writings and general view of the Ottomans could be misleading. In his book The Turkish Letters Busbecq explains the advantages of Ottoman slavery and stipulates that it outweighs the drawbacks. For example, young male slaves had the opportunity to have a prestigious career and be trained as Janissaries or diplomats. Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq wrote impressions on everything he saw and experienced in Turkey, including landscapes, plants, animals, Islam, ethnic groups, architecture, slavery, military, court practices, clothing, gender and domestic relations, the Sultan himself, and even plants and animals. I think his letters offer lessons in understanding and appreciating cultural differences. It is clear to me that he describes the Ottoman Empire as being powerful and admirable; he makes it obvious that he respects the Ottomans in many ways and almost even considers them as better than the great European nations. Nonetheless I suggest that he may have been exaggerating what he thought and knew about the Ottomans to an extent in an attempt to bring about reform in Western Europe. After all he was writing at or near the time when the Ottoman Empire was at the pinnacle of its power, and one of his aims could have been to frighten European rulers and governments into transformation and improvement. K eeping this in mind I would still consider The Turkish Letters a great source of insight and entertaining reading. The letters are a standard for understanding the Ottoman Empire written with frankness and in great detail by a noted diplomat with an established reputation.

Characteristics of Criminal Homicides :: essays research papers

Michael Woodworth and Stephen Porter. (August 2002). In Cold Blood: Characteristics of Criminal Homicides as a Function of Psychopathy. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Vol. 111, No. 3, 436-445. Overview   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This study examined the correlation between psychopathy and the characteristics of criminal homicides committed by offenders. Problem   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"It was hypothesized that the homicides committed by psychopathic offenders would be more likely to be primarily instrumental (I.e., associated with premeditation, motivated by an external goal, and not preceded by a potent affective reaction) or â€Å"cold-blooded† in nature (Pg. 436).† However, homicides committed by nonpsychopaths often would be â€Å"crimes of passion† associated with a high level of impulsivity/reactivity and emotionality. Method   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A sample of 125 Canadian offenders were selected for the study. The entire sample was examined in two different ways. First, dual coding was used on a random selection of 21 offenders. These people were asked questions and scored a number of points depending on their responses. All file information on these offenders were made available to the blind coder. Second, a set of 33 cases were randomly selected for dual coding. These cases were different because all details were not made available to the blind coder. Results   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The results confirmed the hypothesis; â€Å"homicides committed by psychopathic offenders were more instrumental than homicides by nonpsychopaths. Almost all (93.3%) of the homicides by psychopaths were primarily instrumental in nature compared with 48.4% of the homicides by nonpsychopaths (Pg. 436).† Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The authors’ conclusions from their study went to prove what they believed to be the outcome. Nothing was found to be shocking or a surprise when reviewing the end results.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I feel the authors conclusions â€Å"hit the nail right on the head.

The Shakespeare Room :: Essays Papers

The Shakespeare Room The Life of Shakespeare William Shakespeare was born in 1564 to John Shakespeare and his wife, Mary Arden. His father was weathly and held a number of municipal offices. Shakespeare received a good education, but he did not go to the university as many other writers of his time did. Some of these writers ridiculed him and his work because of this. One such example of this ridicule is a pamplet that was published in 1592 by Robert Greene, a famous playwright. In this pamphlet, Greene criticized Shakespeare and his work, a criticism that seems to come mostly from jealosy. When he was eighteen years old, Shakespeare married Ann Hathaway. Five months later, they had their first child, Suzanna. Two years later, they had twins, Hamnet and Judith. It is unknown when Shakespeare arrived in London. However, the pamphet published by Robert Greene indicates that he was in London by 1592. The following year, the theaters were closed down due to a plague. By 1594, the theaters were reopened, and they soon began to rise in popularity among the noble class who demanded a better quality theater experience. It was at this time that Shakespeare's theater company was formed. The company played at Henslowe's Rose Theatre until their lease ran out. They then moved across the river and built the new Globe Theater. Later on, in 1608, they moved into the Blackfriars Theatre where they began producing plays indoors. These plays were in an artificially lit environment, while the Globe Theater had been outdoors, and stage conditions allowed more scenery and a multitude of lighting effects. In 1596, John Shakespeare was granted a coat of arms. This entitled both he and William to be called by the title of "gentleman." In 1597, Shakespeare bought an estate at Stratford called New Place. He continued to acquire property in Stratford. He wrote his last play, The Tempest in 1611 and he died in 1616. Shakespeare's Plays Thirty-seven plays are usually attributed to Shakespeare and they are generally broken down into four categories: the histories, the comedies, the romances, and the tragedies. The Histories There are ten history plays in all and they tell the story of England from the fourteenth century through Henry VIII. They are: Henry VI, Parts I, II and III Henry IV, Parts I, and II Richard III King John Richard II Henry V Henry VIII

Elizabeth Barrett-Browning and Virginia Woolf Essay -- Biography Biogr

Elizabeth Barrett-Browning and Virginia Woolf      Ã‚  Ã‚   I chose to compare and contrast two women authors from different literary time periods.   Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806-1861) as a representative of the Victorian age (1832-1901) and Virginia Woolf (1882-1941) as the spokeswoman for the Modernist (1914-1939) mindset.   Being women in historical time periods that did not embrace the talents and gifts of women; they share many of the same issues and themes throughout their works - however, it is the age in which they wrote that shaped their expressions of these themes.   Although they lived only decades apart their worlds were remarkably different - their voices were muted or amplified according to the beat of society's drum.   Passages from Elizabeth Barrett Browning's Aurora Leigh can be contrasted with Virginia Woolf's portrayal of Isabella in The Lady in the Looking Glass: A Reflection.    The Victorian Era is known as the Age of Inquiry when all the foundational truths of the past were open to examination and reconsideration.   Despite this new desire for certainty, Victorians were slow to release the safety of the past - trying rather to meld the old and the new together and struggling with the mismatched pieces.   Modernists, on the other hand, rebelled openly and loudly against their past which resulted in an extreme sense of loss and instability - reflected in the works of the time.   Elizabeth Barrett Browning writes as one who is looking through a rain drenched window at a scene that is vaguely familiar but quite unclear.   She is attempting to remove the distortion to see what the vista holds.   Rather than direct analysis, Victorian authors often tried to offer a form of practical advice f... ...ted forth..." but, "Isabella did not wish to be known".   Not because she knew herself to be a fraud but because she was inexplicably complicated and the embodiment of contradiction - a truly modern woman.    Both of these women were intuitive authors who had deep messages to convey through their works.   Elizabeth was able to probe the perimeter of difficult issues while maintaining one foot on the firm ground of her upbringing and faith.   Virginia abandoned all to forge into the complexities of Modern thought and despite her bravery she was herself a victim of the despair that comes with a loss of moorings.    Longman citations   refer to page numbers of Eng 103 course text, Spring 2001: Damrosch, David, et al., ed.   The Longman Anthology of British Literature:   Ã‚  Ã‚   Vol. B.   Compact ed.   New York: Longman - Addison Wesley Longman, 2000.

Management and Supply Flow Project: VWoA Case

Matulovic, the new CIO, has two primary concerns at VWoA: defining governance and establishing development process directives. However, Matulovic is in a difficult situation; he faces inadequate funding, new business architecture and increasing pressure from his peers. His circumstances are predictable given the history of IT consideration, by VWoA, as a source of overhead and the highly unpredictable U.S. market for Volkswagen Group. Matulovic’s biggest hurdle is in regards to the capped funding that has been determined by the parent company (Volkswagen Audi Group). VWAG allotted VWoA only $60 million, out of the requested $210 million, for IT projects.Given the scope of VWoA initiatives, the amount is far from adequate. However, at the time, there were no additional funds available. The procedure for deciding which projects will receive funding is streamlined by a new prioritization process. This process for managing IT priorities is part of a new business architecture desig ned to align organizational activity with corporate goals and strategy. During the first few years of any new policy or procedure there are bound to be unforeseen complications. The largest glitch was how the new process did not account for â€Å"behind the curtain† programs such as the intercontinental Supply Flow Project.The Supply Flow Project should absolutely receive funding. The cost should not come entirely from VWoA, but allocated amongst the global Volkswagen group of companies. This project is critical to Volkswagen’s global supply chain management and their goals. Successful global integration not only promises company wide savings, but plays an underlying role in customer satisfaction and loyalty, the number one corporate goal. This Supply Flow Project is already underway and needs additional funding for a timely completion. The new funding prioritization process overlooked such programs as this, primarily because the benefits achieved were at the global le vel. Because of the widespread benefits, all global constituents should contribute to the project’s financing.Matulovic, along with the supply flow group in Germany, should combine forces and present their case to VWAG for separate and additional funding for the Supply Flow Project. Due to situations like the Supply Flow Project’s lacking â€Å"qualifications† to receive adequate funding, opponents claim the new system is â€Å"too theoretical† and may not be conducive to VWoA operations.True or not, this cannot be properly determined in the first year of the prioritization process implementation. Furthermore, with a capped spending amount, there are bound to be a few disgruntled individuals whose project did not receive the proper funding. These discontented members of the Executive Leadership Team may not agree, but must realize it is a part of doing business. Furthermore, it is a way of doing business that they all previously agreed to. Matulovic shoul d proceed as formerly agreed, with the business architecture output â€Å"blueprint† which plays a vital role in formalizing governance and prioritization processes.1. Who controls the budgets from which IT projects are funded at Volkswagen of America? The budgets for IT projects were controlled through a process that involves several organizational entities that establish priorities. There were four specific teams that were involved in this process: the ELT (Executive Leadership Team), the ITSC (IT Steering Committee), the PMO (Project Management Office), and the DBC (Digital Business Council.)The ELT was responsible for executing the NRG (Next Round of Growth) strategy in which the IT governance is a part. The ITSC consisted of business and IT managers and was responsible for guiding and approving the process of IT project selection and prioritization. The PMO administered the project proposal and approval process. The DBC was responsible for the project filtering process w hich decided which projects were most in line with the companies business strategy.2. What is your assessment of the new process for managing priorities at Volkswagen of America? Are the criticisms justified? Is it an improvement over the old process? The new IT priority management process was driven by the new IT budget constraint given to VWoA by the parent company VWAG. If the new budgetary constraint was not initiated, it is likely that elements of the former less organized and less centralized method would be maintained.In the end, this may benefit the individual business units, but be detrimental to the business as a whole. In creating the new process, Matulovic enabled the business unit managers to work together to make the  decisions that would effect their departments using the overall company strategy as the driving element. In doing this, he succeeded in involving all of the managers that would be affected by the prioritization system while maintaining the executive lea dership team’s strategic goals. This new system was a substantial improvement over the former system.3. On page 8 we see that $16 million of the $60 budget is for SIB projects, under the spending direction of Matulovic; on page 1 we see that some people consider this unfair – is it? Should budget be â€Å"set aside† for IT projects? Why? The budget allocated for the SIB (Stay in Business) projects (business continuity and legal) should receive the highest priority.As denoted by the name, if any of these projects are incomplete or fail, the risk to the business is substantial compared to business unit priorities. However, the amount budgeted may be a point that could be questioned. Instead of predetermining the amount required, he should have submitted the SIB to the same process as all of the other projects which would have reduced or eliminated the business unit manager’s perception that Matulovic was trying to control company strategy.4. How should Matu lovic respond to his fellow executives who are calling to ask him for special treatment outside the new priority management system? What should Matulovic do about the unfunded Supply Flow project? Matulovic created a well organized system that focused on company goals. His fellow executives were involved in the IT priority decision making and the company expectation is that business unit managers also support company goals.If they think that these goals in relation to their requests does not make sense, then they had the opportunity in this process to voice their concerns to the one of the process teams (the ELT,ITSC,PMO, and/or the DBC), not to Matulovic himself. Because the Supply Flow project is tied into global strategy, Matulovic should propose that the funding for this project come from VWAG.5. In general, what characteristics should a process for deciding about funding of IT projects have? General characteristics that an IT funding process should have: – Involve all of those who will be affected by the funding decisions in the process. – Align IT funding priorities with company strategy.– Enable communication between business units depending on the funding and between those units and executive management.

Ebusiness

The SSL technology ensures that sensitive information being sent to the sever is secure and has not been altered. Through encryption, confidential information such as name, address and credit card details cannot be read by anyone other than the authorised party (Is it safe to order online? , 2013). With the help of SSL, it enhances security and users are less prone to encounter phishing attacks. 4 ASOS’s e-business system 4. 1 Tangible benefits 4. 1. 1 Enhance customer relationship With the use of social networking sites and internet, it increases awareness to large amounts of consumers in a short period of time.ASOS makes full use of this method with blogs, Facebook, Twitter, Youtube to premote its products. With the growing use of internet and social media, ASOS advertises its products and promotions online which increases customer base and brand identity. It also helps customers to give feedback or make complaints which help establish a sthronger relationship between busine ss and consumers. Therefore social media and internet are priceless resources for ASOS to increase customer base and profits. 4. 1. 2 Improve time management and cost efficiencyAs ASOS uses a pure e-commerce system, customers need not move around to select products which show there is a huge gain over physical stores. The costs of products are cheaper compared to physical stores because extra manpower is not needed to operate the physical store which mearns ASOS saves on wages and rent for physical stores. Thanks to internet marketing through Facebook or within ASOS website, it is more targeted than traditional media. It is cost efficient and recognized by millions of people. ASOS applies e-commerce systems which improves the efficiency of logistics and inventory management.With the help of e-commerce, order fulfillment is accomplished quickly, more accurately and cost effectively. There is no need for phone calls to clarify and confirm purchases. This improves the efficiency of ord er fulfilment and improves the speed of delivery which surpasses customer expectations. 4. 2Intangible Benefits 4. 2. 1Improved strategic position of company As one of the leading online fashion store, ASOS has gained a competitive advantage in the fashion industry (Greenblat, 2013). ASOS were able to implement strategic plans earlier than its competitors and managed to gain a better position in the market.As a pure online retailer, ASOS must focus on maintaining and ensuring their website is constantly updated and managed professionally. In contrary to ASOS, competitors whom are click-and-mortar based have to emphasise more towards maintaining their physical store as well as their website. 4. 2. 2Increasing customer loyalty E-commerce businesses can face problems since they are not able to communicate directly with their customers but ASOS has managed to continuously increase customer loyalty by providing excellent customer services to its customers such as ensuring efficient and e ffective payment and delivery of goods to customers.ASOS also makes sure of the convenience in finding items, comparing and checking them out. Customers who are highly satisfied with the services provided would have increased loyalty and will give positive testimonials and word of mouth to other consumers. 4. 2. 3 Vision, Mission and Strategy ASOS’s vision is to create a unique multi-channel shopping experience where twenty-something fashion lovers can network, share ideas, create their own styles and shop together. (Home – ASOS Plc. , n. d. ). Conducting their business online plays an important role in achieving their vision. With the advancement of Web 2. , ASOS websites and their participation in social network accounts not only facilitates customers to interact with one another and the company, but also encourages them the share and spread their fashion ideas and knowledge, which relates to their vision. This would then lead to achieving the company’s missio n which is â€Å"to lead the fashion revolution† (ASOS – Next Generation Pledge, 2010). With the help of the e-business systems, ASOS is able to continue to ensure all participants of the system stay connected through online network, to continue to share and grow business ideas together, since ASOS is a virtual organization. . e-Business Issues 5. 1 Security and Privacy Issues Security is crucial in every organization. Since ASOS is an online based organization there are various types of attack that they can encounter. Identity theft is one of the main problems faced which prevents consumers purchasing from ASOS. New born sites usually are not trusted by first time online purchasers. To avoid this, ASOS uses Comodo SSL certificate which help in securing online payment system and reduce identity theft. The most basic protection against technical attacks is firewalls and antivirus.These basic protections should be implemented in every e-business as even small viruses may cause websites to crash which would require a significant time to recover. This also affects the reputation of ASOS. In order to have an improved, more efficient and effective security in the long run, ASOS should invest in security to enhance pproduactivity. 5. 2 Marketing Issues One of the marketing issues ASOS face is trust issues on online shopping. Constant phishing attack on e-commerce sites make customers more aware of the risks of providing personal information online.Therefore, building trust is a crucial key to promoting products online. ASOS iintegrates the latest privacy and security technologies to enhance security online. As ASOS being a pure play organization, it faces a tough competition in the virtual business platform. Today, many organizations perform businesses online. To increase market share, ASOS have to set themselves apart from the competition by being more creative and innovative, such as providing more product or service than other competitors which in re turn attracts more customers. Another way to attract customers is to offer discounts or coupons to hike sales.